Standar Internasional untuk Konstruksi Lintasan Atletik
Daftar isi
Sebagai fasilitas inti olahraga kompetitif, standar konstruksi lintasan atletik terkait langsung dengan kinerja tingkat kompetitif atlet dan keadilan kompetisi.
According to the relevant specifications of World Athletics, this article will systematically analyze the technical points of standard track construction.
Athletic Track Structure Design Standards
Basic configuration specifications
The international standard athletic track is 400 meters long and adopts a symmetrical layout of double straights + double equal radius curves. The radius of the curve must ensure the balance of the athlete’s centripetal force. A hard edge with a height of 5cm and a width of ≥5cm must be set on the inside of the track. The material must have impact resistance and weather resistance. Grass tracks can be exempted from this requirement.
Measurement benchmark system
The track length measurement is based on the outer edge of the edge and expanded by 30cm. For venues without edge, the outer edge of the marking line is expanded by 20cm. The first lane is determined according to this standard, and other lanes must be measured at the outer edge of the inner lane line 20cm outside to ensure the actual distance of each track is accurate.
Technical Requirements for Athletic Track System
Track specification parameters
Track events of 400 meters and below must ensure that each lane is 1.22-1.25 meters wide, with an error control within ±3mm. The track line width is uniformly 5cm, and the right track line is included in the width of the adjacent track. The elastic modulus of each track structure must be consistent to avoid differences in track hardness.
Three-dimensional space control
The horizontal slope is gradient controlled: ≤5‰ for straight sections, ≤8‰ for curved sections, and ≤1‰ for longitudinal slope. The special slope of the high jump area is ≤0.4%, and the laser leveling technology is used to achieve a 3-meter ruler detection error of ≤3mm, and the flatness pass rate is ≥95%.
Construction Standards for Foundation Engineering
Structural layer system
The asphalt/cement foundation must be free of wheel marks after being rolled by a heavy roller, with a density of >95% and a 28-day compressive strength of ≥25MPa. A geotextile buffer layer is added between the gravel cushion layer and the asphalt layer (mandatory requirement in frozen areas), and the joints are treated with polymer sealant.
Drainage system engineering
A turtle-back double-slope drainage design is adopted, and a circular blind ditch and water collection well system are configured to complete runoff discharge within 2 hours after heavy rain. The permeability coefficient of the base layer is ≤1×10⁻⁵cm/s, and the groove joints are reinforced with polyurethane waterproof coating.
Positioning measurement benchmark
The four semicircle tangent points and the double center coordinates are accurately calibrated using a total station, and a permanent stainless steel benchmark pile is established. The construction error is controlled within ±2mm, providing a reliable basis for subsequent surface paving and marking.
Key control of track surface construction
Plastic layer paving process
The layered spraying method is used for construction, and the bottom layer 13mm EPDM particle mixed layer and the surface layer 3mm full plastic self-tie layer composite structure. After curing, the Shore hardness remains at 45-60°, the impact absorption rate is 35%-50%, and the vertical deformation is 0.6-1.8mm, which meets the international competition certification standards.
Plastic layer paving process
The volatile organic compound (VOC) content of solid raw materials is ≤5g/L, the heavy metal content meets the GB 36246-2018 standard, the finished product has passed the EN14904 fire protection certification, and the combustion performance meets the B1 flame retardant requirements.
The construction of the athletic track must strictly follow the principle of “foundation determines the surface layer”. It is recommended that the construction unit use BIM technology for three-dimensional simulation and conduct FIFA certification testing regularly to ensure quality control of the entire process from foundation treatment to surface layer forming. High-standard tracks are not only the cornerstone of competitive fairness, but also the core guarantee for extending the service life of facilities.
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